Several weeks ago I started a series of articles about eight common marketing mistakes and revealed that my first two marketing mistakes were:
- not doing enough market research and
- not having a USP
(See common marketing mistakes). Today it is time to consider the next two mistakes:
3 - Failing to measure the results of marketing.
4 - Using image or institutional advertising
These two mistakes are linked. Image advertising doesn't produce results that you can measure.
Marketing Mistake 3 - Failing To Measure The Results Of Marketing
Perhaps it's the accountant in me coming out but I believe that there needs to be a measurable result in everything you do.
There's an old saying:
"Half my advertising doesn't work, but I don't know which half".
When I think back to the mid eighties when I was employed by a consumer products company, we spend a lot of money on advertising and sales promotion and as the Company Accountant (and effectively the CFO) I wanted to be sure that:
a) we were getting value for money
b) We did more of what was working and stopped doing anything that didn't produce results.
So can I ask, "Do you look at your sales promotions and think 'half of it is working but which half?'"
If so, that's a big problem.
Every business needs to understand where the leads are coming from and which leads convert into one-off or regular customers.
This is fundamental. There is no other way to know whether your marketing should continue in its current form or should be changed?
Marketing Mistake 4 - Using Image or Institutional Advertising
The big factor that stops people understanding their marketing results better is that they use the wrong type of advertising.
Big companies can afford to invest in brand building and will be pleased if an advertisement increases brand awareness even if it doesn't generate any immediate sales. This is called image advertising or institutional advertising.
The opposite of image advertising is direct response advertising. Direct response is designed to produce a measurable increase in sales as a direct result of the advert.
If you have based your advertising on examples from big companies and your adverts promote your brand name but little else, you are probably generating few leads and may think that advertising is a waste of time and money.
My message is simple. Stop doing image or institutional advertising.
Small businesses can't afford to waste money building up a brand name and play the long game. Instead small businesses need to give a prospective customer a good reason to make contact as soon as they've seen and read the advert.
Imagine you have a pub which offers good beer and nice food.
An image advert would say:
"KINGS ARMS
Public house in Birmingham, good beer and nice food available lunchtimes and evenings"
It gives information and promotes the name of your business but doesn't excite anyone.
A direct response advert would say
"FREE BEER
Visit the Kings Arms in the next seven days and when you buy a meal, we will give you one free drink for every two drinks you buy. Our food has a great reputation and our beer won the Best Light Ale aware at the 2008 Birmingham Beer Festival"
Do you see the difference?
Think of your advertising as "salesmanship in print." It should build a case for a prospect to contact you immediately and want to buy.
Do I hear you say "But Paul, I don't like these full on "aggressive", very long sales letters or discounted offers, I'd prefer something classier."
I can understand that and some people do take it too far.
Many of the Internet sales letters I see are so full of hype that I doubt anyone reads the full letter. Just the headline, then down to the bottom for the price and then a scan of the rest of the copy for anything particularly relevant.
I would urge you to find your own balance which feels right but which gives you a measurable result.
You wouldn't expect your sales representative to visit a customer and just say "I'm from Bloggs, the widget distributor" and then leave. It would be crazy behaviour but that's exactly what a lot of image advertising does.
Instead you'd want your sales rep (or advert) to make a case for the customer to buy - "Bloggs widgets - every widget in every size and colour - and delivered direct to your premises by 10:00 am the next day or you get 10% off your bill for every day we are late. Order within the next three days and receive a special incentive of a free super widget saving you £67"
Now that's a compelling offer if you are a buyer of widgets and you appreciate service and quick delivery. It's especially compelling if your current supplier is unreliable. Even if you have to pay a higher starting price, you know that you will only pay for benefits you get and poor service is compensated by a low price. The free super widget offer gives you a reason to act now rather than just "think it over."
Direct Response Marketing Makes Measurement Easy
When your marketing and sales promotion is designed on a direct response basis, there is a clear call to action and you expect to get results. That gives you an interest to ask where the leads come from and because prospects have just received an effective marketing message, they know what has caused them to contact you.
Direct Response Gives You The Benefits Of Image Advertising
I don't want you to think that I am against brands.
A strong brand and a great reputation are two of the biggest assets any business can have.
But brand building doesn't rely on image advertising because every contact with a direct marketing message also raises general awareness of the brand as well as providing an opportunity for a direct sale.
Jay Conrad Levinson, Father of Guerrilla Marketing says that it takes nine exposures to a message to persuade someone to buy and that on average people only see one advert in every three. Personally I am surprised that it is not many more times than that.
Your Challenge
If you are watching the television tonight and there are commercial breaks for advertising, watch and see how many give you a reason to remember the name and take action.
Then next morning, try to remember what companies and products were advertised. If you can't remember, what is the point of image advertising?
I can't deny that repetition works. Messages will gradually filter into your brain and you will be attracted to buy from familiar names if products are in the same price zone. Brands do work but they take so long.
Jay Conrad Levinson tells the story of Malboro cigarette advertising. Malboro was seen as a low selling female oriented brand before the "Malboro Country" campaign was launched with the cowboys. One year later, perceptions were the same and Malboro was still only the 31st best selling brand of cigarettes. Fortunately Philip Morris believed in the campaign and had the money to keep the promotion going and over the long term have been rewarded with the best selling brand of cigarettes in the world.
Image Advertising - A Long Drawn Out Affair
In the excellent book, Guerrilla Marketing, Jay Conrad Levinson quotes from a book by Thomas Smith written in London back in 1885
- The first time a man looks at an ad, he doesn't see it.
- The second time, he doesn't notice it.
- The third time, he is conscious of its existence.
- The fourth time, he faintly remembers having seen it.
- The fifth time, he reads the ad.
- The sixth time, he turns up his nose at it.
- The seventh time, he reads it through and says “Oh, bother!”
- The eighth time, he says “Here’s that confounded thing again!”
- The ninth time, he wonders whether it amounts to anything.
- The tenth time, he will ask his neighbor if he has tried it.
- The eleventh time, he wonders how the advertiser makes it pay.
- The twelfth time, he thinks it must be a good thing.
- The thirteenth time, he thinks it might be worth something.
- The fourteenth time, he remembers that he wanted such a thing for a long time.
- The fifteenth time, he is tantalized because, he cannot afford to buy it.
- The sixteenth time, he thinks he will buy it someday.
- The seventeenth time, he make a memorandum of it.
- The eighteenth time, he swears at his poverty.
- The nineteenth time, he counts his money carefully.
- The twentieth time he sees the ad, he buys the article or instructs his wife to do so.
This was written over 120 years ago and in that time, the number of advertisements anyone is exposed to every week has risen exponentially. You can't move anywhere without someone trying to sell you something.
My message from marketing mistake 4 is simple, don't go the long way round with image advertising, when you can use direct response marketing, get results quickly and see what is working and what isn't.
Extra Marketing Resources
My third Common Marketing Mistakes with mistakes 5 and 6 will appear in about a week's time.
If you want more information about how to prepare a direct marketing campaign I recommend these two free resources:
The modern classic - Mark Joyner - The Irresistible Offer- currently available as a free ebook.
The old classic - Claude Hopkins - Scientific Advertising- I have heard marketing genius Jay Abraham say that he has read this book over sixty times and while it is heavy going in places, it has been very influential.
To Your Success
Paul Simister
Your Profit Coach, business coaching for the customer focused entrepreneur
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